5 Complete Guides to Public Transportation in Japan

Japan is renowned for its efficient, clean and punctual public transportation system. Learning how to use it is key to having a smooth journey. This article will guide you step by step, from purchasing tickets to understanding the different modes of transportation and their etiquette.

Buying Transportation Tickets

Ticketing systems in Japan are diverse, but generally easy to understand. Know first what type of transportation you will be using, because ticketing methods vary.

Single Ticket: One-way tickets. You can buy them at vending machines that are usually located at stations. These machines usually speak English, Japanese, and sometimes other languages. Simply choose your destination, buy your ticket, and it will come out. Insert the ticket into the gate and pick it up at the other end. It is always a good idea to bring cash with you when buying tickets, as many machines still do not accept credit cards.

Day Pass Ticket: If you plan to use public transportation in a specific area (for example, only in Tokyo or Kyoto), a day pass will be more economical. These tickets are available for various areas and types of transportation. You can buy them at stations or information counters.

IC Card (Suica/Pasmo): Highly recommended prepaid cards. Suica and Pasmo are the two most commonly used cards throughout Japan. You can top up your balance at vending machines that are easily found at stations. The advantages of using IC cards are:

Ease of use: Simply tap your card on the reader when entering and exiting.

Speed: No need to buy tickets every time you travel.

Save time: No need to queue at the ticket machine.

Sometimes get discounts: Some operators offer discounts for IC card users.

Can be used in various modes of transportation: Trains, buses, even some shops and vending machines.

You can buy a Suica/Pasmo at major train stations or information counters. Be sure to keep the card safe, as the balance on it cannot be recovered if lost. 

Types of Public Transportation in Japan

Train: Japan's railway system is extensive and efficient, connecting almost every corner of the country. There are several types of trains:

Shinkansen (Bullet Train): High-speed trains connecting major cities. Tickets are more expensive, but much faster than local trains. Seat reservations are recommended, especially during peak season.

JR Lines (Japan Railways): Extensive national railway network. JR has a variety of lines, from local to express trains.

Private Railways: Private railways that operate in a specific area. Examples include the Toei Subway in Tokyo or the Keihan Electric Railway in Kyoto-Osaka.

Subway (Metro): Subway systems in major cities. Usually cheaper than JR trains. Subway maps are usually available at each station.

Bus: Buses are a good option for getting to places that trains don't reach. Bus fares are usually paid upon boarding, and some buses accept IC card payments. Pay close attention to the bus number and destination before boarding.

Using Maps and Schedules

Station Map: Each station has a map showing the train lines, platforms and facilities available. Maps are usually available in several languages.

Google Maps: Google Maps is also very helpful for planning public transportation in Japan, including trains, subways, and buses.

Public Transportation Etiquette in Japan

Punctuality: Japan is known for its punctuality. Don't be late, and try not to block other passengers when getting on and off.

Calm: Avoid talking loudly on the phone or making noise on public transportation. Speak softly and respect other passengers.

Make Way: Give way to passengers who are getting off before getting on. Don't rush and push others.

Do Not Eat and Drink: It is best to avoid eating and drinking on the train or subway, unless there is a special place available.

Priority Seating: Give priority seating to the elderly, pregnant women, people with disabilities, and people in need.

Throw garbage: Throw your trash in the trash bins provided. Do not litter.

Use Headset: If listening to music or watching videos, use a headset to avoid disturbing other passengers.

Solving problem

Lost Ticket/Card: If you lose your ticket or card, report it immediately to the station staff.

Navigation Difficulty: Don't hesitate to ask station staff or other passengers if you need help. Most Japanese people are friendly and willing to help.

Language: Although many of the directions and announcements are available in English, learning a few basic words or phrases in Japanese will be helpful.

Additional Tips

Buy a return ticket: If you plan to return to the same place, buy a round-trip ticket to save money.

Check train schedule: Especially for long journeys, check the train schedule before leaving to avoid delays.

Take advantage of Wi-Fi: Many train stations and public places offer free Wi-Fi.

Enjoy the journey: Japan's public transportation system is very efficient and convenient. Take advantage of your travel time to enjoy the scenery or read a book.

Using public transportation in Japan may seem daunting at first, but with a little planning and understanding, you’ll be able to navigate the country with ease and efficiency. Don’t be afraid to ask station attendants or other passengers if you need help. Happy traveling!